Machine for making hollow glassware



J. B. GRAHAM.

MACHINEFOR MAKING HOLLOW GLASSWARE. APPLICATION FILED NOV.12, 1917.

' Patented Jan. 31, 1922.

SHE v 7 1? ETS SHEET] al-NVENT OR J. B GRAHAM. MACHINE FOR MAKING HOLLOW GLASSWARE. 'APPLICATIONFILED NOV. 12, 1917.

mvsu'ron J. B. GRAHAM.

MACHINE FOR MAKING HOLLOW GLASSWARE. APPLICATION FILED NOV. 12. 1917.

1,405,20 Patented Jan. 31,1922

1? SHEETSSHEET 3.

J. B. GRAHAM.

MACHINE FOR MAKING HOLLOW GLASSWARE. APPLICATION FILED NOV-12,1917.

1 ,40 5 ,2 94, Patented Jan. 31; 1922.

H SHEETS'SHEET 4.

J. B. GRAHAM.

MACHINE FOR MAKING HOLLOW GLASSWARE.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 12, I917.

1 05304. Patented Jan. 31, 1922.

n SHEETS SHEET 5.

O OOOOOODOOODDKIDOOC OOO INVENTOR J. B. GRAHAM.

MACHINE FOR MAKING HOLLOW GLASSWARE.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. I2, 19!?- Patented Jan. 31, 1922.

IAOQZOQ,

A lg/vzu-ron a W J.B.GRAHAM.

' MACHINE FOR MAKING HOLLOW GLASSWARE.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 12, 1917.

1,405,204. Patented Jan. 1922.

H SHEET ET 7.

v 1% I I NVENTOF i I. B. GRAHAM.

MACHINE FOR MAKING HOLLOW GLASSWARE.

APPLICATION FILED NOV-12,1917.

1,405,204, Patented Jan. 31, 1922.

I] SHEETS-SHEET 8.

J. B. GRAHAM.

' MACHINE FOR MAKING HOLLOW GLASSWARE.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 12. 1917.

1,405,204, Patented Jan. 31,1922.

17 SHEETS-SHEET 9- 'l I I I I I I. B. GRAHAM.

MACHINE FOR MAKING HOLLOW GLASSWARE.

APPLICATION FILED NOV- 12, l9]?- Patented Jan. 31

1922.v H $HEETSSHEET I0.

INVENTOR I pl I J, B. GRAHAM.

MACHINE FOR MAKING HOLLOW GLASSWARE.

APPLICATION FILED NOV-12,1917- I Patented Jan. 31, 1922.

INVENTOR J. B. GRAHAM.

MACHINE FOR MAKING HOLLOW GLASSWARE.

APPLICATION FILED NOV-[2,1917- Patented Jan. 31,1922.

H SHEETSSH EET 12- J. B. GRAHAM.

MACHINE FOR MAKING HOLLOW GLASSWARE.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. I2, 1917- Patented J ah. 31, 1922.

J. B. GRAHAM.

MACHINE FOR MAKING HOLLOW GLASSWARE.

APPLICATION F'ILED NOV-12,1917.

17 SHEETS SHEET l4.

r g I i L? a O O m a I w Q 4 INVENTOR I, B. GRAHAM.

MACHINE FOR MAKING HOLLOW GLASSWARE.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. I2, I91?- Patented Jan. 31, 1922.

17 SHEETS-SHEET I5- INVENTOR J. B. GRAHAM. MACHINE FOR MAKING HOLLOW GLASSWARE.

APPLICATION FILED NOV-12,1917.

1,405,204, 4 Patented Jan.31,1922.

H SHEETS-S ET I6.

INVENTOR y/MZM J. B. GRAHAM. MACHINE FORMAKING HOLLOW GLASSWARE.

APPLICATION FILED NOV-12,1917- 1,405,204, Pafentgd Jan. 31, 1922.

' 1] $HEETSSHEET 1'!- UNITED STATES "PATENT oF IcE.

JOSEPH IB. "GRAHAM, OF EVA NSVILLE, INDIANA, ASSIGNOR TO THE OWENS BOT'ILF.

' COMPANY, OF TOLEDO, OHIO, A CORPORATION OF OHIO.

MACHINE FOR MAKING- I-IOLLOW GLASSWABE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Jan. 31,

Application filed November- 12, 191:]. Serial No. 201,645.

,a citizen of the'United States, residing at Evansville, in. the county of Vanderburg and State of Indiana, have invented new and useful Improvements in Machines for Making Hollow Glassware, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to machines for manufacturing hollow articles of glassware, and particularly to automatic machines in which charges of molten glass are received in blank or parison molds and after, being partly formed therein are transferred to finishing molds inwhich the parisons are blown to the form of the finished article.

An object of the invention is to produceis entirely automatic in its operations, and which possesses various novel features of advantage in. construction and methods of operation, as-will more fully hereinafter appear.

In its preferredform, the machine com prises a mold carriage rotatable step by step about a vertical axis. The blank molds which are arranged in a circle on the carriage with their upper ends open to receive the charges of molten glam, are thus brought successively into charging position. Be-

neath the blank molds and in register therewith are neck molds in which the necks of .the bottles or other articles are'formed, The neck mold and body blank mold to-. gether form a parison mold in which theglass is blown to partly form the article. The body blank mold is then opened, leave ing the parison supported by and .projecting upwardly from the neck mold. The

latter is then rotated to swing the parison outwardly and downwardly into an open finishing mold, which is then closed around the parison, after which the parison is blown.

to the form of the finished article.

, A further feature of the invention relates to improved indexing means for rotating the mold carriage step by step,comprisi-ng mechanism which is powerful and positive,

in action, which provides. a smooth and gradual starting and stopping of the carfor a longer time interval than that. in

which it is moving. During these rest penods the blowing and other operationsare performed, as fully set forth hereinafter.

Various other features and advantages of the invention will appear hereinafter. In the accompanying drawings which Illustrate a machine embodying the princ ples of my invention, Figure 1 is a sectional elevation of the machine, portions of the apparatus being shown as moved somewhat out of normal position into the plane of the section to show the construction.

Figure 2 is a sectional plan view at the plane indicated by the line 2-2 on Figure 1, and shows the blank molds.

Figure 3 is a sectional plan view at the plane of the line 3--3 on Figure 1, and shows the .blow molds- Figure 4 is a part sectional elevation showing the tracks on which the machine is mounted, and the mechanism for vertically adjusting the same.

Figure 7 is a similar view showing an open blank mold.

Figure 8 is a sectional elevation showmga blank mold, neck mold and the rotary head for inverting the blank,a charge of glass being shown as received in the mold at the charging station.

Figure 9 is a view similar to Figure 8 but showing in addition, the blowing head which at the second station is applied to the mold to guarantee by air pressu're a full neck of glass.

Figure 1O is a similar view. but showing the head at the third station where the blowhead shown in Figure 9 is replaced by a bottom-plate. This view also shows how compressed air is admitted through the neck mold for partially blowing the parison, and

forming the bottom of the ware.

Figure 11 shows the neck mold carrier after it has been rotated to swing the parison downward.

Figure 11 is a plan view of the neck mold carrier and the locating catch.

showing the neck mold and its carrying head, and mechanism for inverting the same, also mechanism for operating the plunger ti Figure 15 is a plan showing the cams for inverting, re-inverting, and opening the neck mold, and for actuating the plunger.

Figure 16 is a plan view of the neck mold.

Figure 17 is a part sectional view of the tilting bottom of the blow mold, said bottom being shown in normal position.

Figure 18 is a similar "iew with the bottom tilted to discharge the bottle.

Figure 19 is a view similar to a portion of Figure 3, but with the mold operating cam at the opposite limit of its movement.

Figure 20 is a plan view showing a cam bar and actuating means, for lifting and lowering the heads which engage the upper ends of the blank molds.

Figure 21 is a part sectional elevation of said heads and cam bar, said heads being lifted to clear the blank molds.

Figure 22 is a view similar to Figure 21 but shows the heads lowered to engage the molds.

Figure 23 is an elevation view of a bank of valves and cams for controlling the several blowing operations.

Figure 24 shows the means for actuating the cam shaft of Figure 23.

Figure 25 is a sectional elevation showing mechanism for rotating the mold carriage.

- Figure 26 is a plan view of such mechanism.

Figure 27 is a view similar to Figure 26, but with the parts in adifferent position, and also omitting the mold bottom cams shown in Figure 26. t

Figure 28 is apart sectional, elevation showing a holding pin by which the mold frame is held stationary, said pin being projected to its holding position.

Figure 29 is a similar view but with the holding pin retracted.

Figures 30, 31 and 32 are diagrammatic views of the oscillating arm forming part of the indexing mechanism.

Figures 33, 34 and 35 are part sectional views showing the driving pin and a cam for projecting the same, the positions of parts in these views corresponding respectively to those of Figures 30, 31 and 32.

Figure 36 is a detail view of the hand crank for driving the glass feeding mechanism independently of the machine.

. Figure 37 is a fragmentary plan view of a clutch for disconnecting the feeding mechanism from the machine.

Figure 38 is a sectional elevation of said clutch.

Figure 39 is a part sectional elevation showing transmission mechanism between the motor, flowing apparatus and other parts.

Figure 40 is a plan view-of such transmission mechanism.

Figure 41 is a plan view of a valve plate showing the position of ports controlling the supply of air to the molds.

The machine comprises a stationary frame 40 including a central column 41, and a lower annular casting 43 surrounding the central column and bolted thereto. Mounted for step by step rotation around the central column 41 is a mold carriage on which the molds are supported. This carriage comprises a lower framework in the form of a. table or spider 44 and an upper frame, also comprising a table or spider 45. Columns 46 secured to and projecting upwardly from the frame 44 are clamped to the upper frame by means of bolts 225 (Fig. 7). By loosening these bolts the frame 45 is free for vertical adjustment to permit blank molds of different lengths to be used, as pointed out hereinafter. A non-rotating frame member 42 surrounding the column 41 provides a support for the upper rotating member 45 of the mold carriage, roller bearings 48 being interposed between the frames 42 and 45. The frames 45 and 42 are adjusted vertically by means of rods 226 projecting upward therefrom and connected by a yoke 227, the latter comprising a threaded sleeve working on a screw shaft 228 rotatable by a handle 229. By rotating the shaft 228 the frames 42 and 45 are adjusted up" or down. The frame44 runs on roller bearings 47. A nonrotating cam plate 139 secured to the frame 42 controls the opening and closing of the blank molds, as more'fully described later. A cam carrying frame 49 surrounding the central column 41 is arranged to oscillate about said column, being connected with the mold carriage to rotate therewith as the latter advances, and disconnected from the mold carriage and returned while the latter remains stationary. This cam frame 49'cars ries a cam plate 150 controlling the opening and closing ofthe finishing molds, and a cam plate 230 having cams for inverting the neck mold, for opening it, and for actuating the valve plungers. The oscillating cam frame runs on roller bearings 231. I

The machine frame 40 is mounted on a base or truck 50 having wheels 51 which run on tracks 52, so that the machine may be moved toward and from the furnace from which the molds are charged. The rails 52 are mounted for vertical adjustment by means of the apparatus shown in Figs. 4 and 5, thereby permitting molds of different lengths to be adjusted to the charglng apparatus. The rails are united by cross bars 53 and 54 forming a framework, to the corners of which are secured depending posts 55 movable up and down in sockets 56. The posts 55 are screw threaded and have mounted thereon sprockets 57, the hubs of which are internally threaded so that as the sprocket wheels are rotated the posts 55 are caused to move up or down, thereby lifting or lowering the rails 52. A sprocket chain 58 runs on all of the sprocket wheels 57 so that the four corners of the frame are simultaneously lifted and lowered when said chain is driven. The means for driving said chain includes a hand crank 59 for driving a gear train, comprising a beveled pinion 60, a beveled gear 61 and pinion 62 on a shaft 63, gear wheel 64 driven by the pinion 62, a pinion 65 and gear wheel 66 meshing therewith, the latter connected to rotate with a sprocket wheel 57. A motor or other, source of power may be substituted for the hand crank 59. The tension of the sprocket chain 58 is adjusted by a tension device comprising an idler sprocket 68 and adjusting rod 69.

The molds are arranged in sets, each including a body blank mold 81, a neck mold 82 and a finishing mold 83. When in charging position, the blank mold is in register with the neck mold and projects upwardly therefrom, being open at its upper end to receive the charge of glass. The blank mold and neck mold together form a parison mold, arranged neck downward, or in an inverted position to receive the charge.

The glass is preferably supplied from a continuous stream of glass which is automatically severed into individual charges and delivered to the molds by the apparatus which forms the subject matter of my Patent No. 1,353,907, granted September 28,

1920. The blank molds are brought successively to charging position directly beneath a boot or extension 200 (Fig. 39) on the glass melting furnace. The stream of glass as it flows from an opening in said boot is collected in a sectional cup 201 to form gobs which are automatically severed from the flowing stream by a knife 202 as they drop through a funnel or guide 180 into the blank mold 81 therebeneath.

The several steps in forming the bottle or other article are briefly as follows When a gob of glass has been dropped in the mold, the mold carriage is rotated a step to bring the mold to the next station where a blow head is applied to the upper end of the mold. Air under pressure is supplied through the blow head to cause the glass to conform more perfectly to the shape of the mold, particularly the neck mold. The neck mold plunger is then withdrawn and a puff of air supplied through the neck mold to cool the inside of the neck of the bottle so that the cavity will retain its shape. The mold frame is now advanced another step to bring the mold to the next station where a closure is applied to the open end of the mold. Compressed air is then applied through the neck mold to blow glass up against the closure, which forms the bottom of bottle, and also the increasing size of the interior cavity of the blank. The mold carriage is again advanced and the body blank mold is opened, leavin the parison projecting upwardly from t e neck mold. The neck mold is now rotated to swing the parison outwardly and downwardly into the open blow mold directly beneath, which then closes, and the bottle is blown to its finished form. The mechanism for effecting these operations will be described in detail hereinafter.

The machine as herein shown comprises eight sets of molds arranged at equal intervals around the periphery of the mold carriage. The carriage, as before noted, is rotated step by step to bring the molds successively to the stations at which the various operations are effected. These stations are for convenience designated by the Roman numerals I to VIII, the charging station being designated I. The carriage is rotated through 45 degrees or one eighth of a complete revolution at each step.

The indexing mechanism for rotating the mold carriage will now be described.

Referring to Figs. 1, 25 to 35 inclusive,

39 and 40, a motor 85 is connected through a pinion 203 and gear 204 to drive a worm 86, which runs in mesh with a worm wheel 87 secured to a vertical drive shaft 88, which is eccentric to the main axis of themachine. A rock arm 89 (Fig. 26) fixed to the main cam frame 49 (Fig. 1) for oscillating the latter, is driven from the shaft 88 through the following means. On the upper end of the shaft 88 is a disc 90 (Fig. 25) carrying a pivot pin 91 on'which is mounted a block- 92 slidable in a slot or guideway 93 extending radially-in the osclllating arm 89. It will be seen that with this arrangementthe slide block 92 revolving continuously with the drive shaft, oscillates the arm 89 while said block reciprocates in the guideway 93. The arm 89 moves through an arc of 45 degrees, and during its forward or clockwise movement, is connected with the mold carriage for advancing the latter, but durlng its return is disconnected from the mold carriage, permitting the latter to remain stationary. The connection between said arm 

